FLSmidth offers a range of simpler equipment configurations to suit specific needs and budgets. All material in a process flow must have an equal probability of being sampled. This is a basic principle in representative sampling, and should therefore always be seen as the ideal sampling concept. There are no methods of analysis that can compensate for errors/bias in the sampling stages. Therefore, it is crucial to always ask yourself if the sampling method is adequate when investing in sophisticated analysis technology. A run of mine/quarry ore stream - after primary/secondary crushing - on a conveyor belt will typically show high inhomogeneity in all three dimensions: along the length of the conveyor (L), across the conveyor (W) and in the depth of the material layer (D). In addition, particle size segregation may be distinct in the W and D dimensions. This puts high demands on the sampling, which is complex and will require multi-stage sampling towers with sample cutters, splitters, pulverize and sometimes drying equipment. Representative sampling In FLSmidth, we have a pragmatic approach to sampler design and we deliver well performing state-of-the-art sampling solutions for a range of different process applications. We do this with competent sampling theory combined with solid practical experience from different industries. Our sampling solutions are often fundamental for added services, such as fully automatic sample preparation & analysis as well as software solutions for process optimization, both regarding to quality and operation. Impact Areas Many cement plant laboratories are faced with increasingly higher requirements to sample throughput, complexity of analysis and quality of analysis. This is among other things a result of environmental requirements placing stricter control on cement production, both in terms of pollution and energy consumption. Sampling: Inconsistency and inaccurate analysis results contribute to laboratory errors, creating process fluctuations and disrupting productivity, equipment lifetime and especially product quality. In addition to this, the current economic climate demands 24/7/365 cement plant operation, with as little staffing as possible. Intelligent Cement Plant